Endocrine Abstracts

Large randomized studies have established that early intensive glycemic control reduces the risk of diabetic complications, both micro and macrovascular. However, epidemiological and prospective data support a long-term influence of early metabolic control on clinical outcomes. This phenomenon has recently been defined as ‘Metabolic Memory.’ It was first hypothesized by Brownlee (Nature 2000), and since shown by many researchers that overproduction of free radicals, ...

Background and objectives: Obesity-associated inflammation is a key contributory factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Murine studies have revealed potential links between obesity-induced activation of the innate immune response and endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress. Our aims were therefore to (1) examine whether human abdominal subcutaneous (AbSc) adipose tissue (AT) obtained from lean and obese patients, differs in the level of ER stress, through ass...

Habitual post-prandial absorption of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) increases systemic atherogenic lipoproteins and a pro-inflammatory response, a condition exacerbated by obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Also, gut derived bacteria (endotoxin) is absorbed coupled to damaging lipoproteins as it crosses the mucosa, which could directly impact on adipose tissue, as our previous studies suggest. The current studies addressed whether a SFA rich me...

Chronic elevation of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and glucose (Glc) appears to activate an inflammatory response; compounded by habitual feeding. Restoration of physiological SFAs and Glc levels post-prandially may not attenuate the original insult; a concept termed ‘metabolic memory’. Therefore we investigated (1) the effect of chronic and oscillating SFAs and Glc on the inflammatory pathway in human abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) adipose tissue (AT) and adipocytes ...